top of page

Companies Act 2013 Section 1

Companies Act 2013 Section 1 defines the short title, commencement, and extent of the Act.

The Companies Act 2013 Section 1 sets out the short title, the date on which the Act comes into force, and the territorial extent of the law. This foundational section is crucial as it formally introduces the Act and specifies its applicability across India.

Understanding Section 1 is essential for directors, shareholders, company secretaries, and legal professionals to know when the Act's provisions become effective and where they apply. It ensures clarity on the legal framework governing companies and helps in compliance and governance.

Companies Act Section 1 – Exact Provision

This section formally names the legislation as the Companies Act, 2013. It clarifies that the Act applies throughout India, ensuring uniform corporate law. The commencement clause allows the Central Government to notify the date when the Act or its parts become effective, enabling phased implementation.

  • Provides the official short title of the Act.

  • Specifies territorial extent as entire India.

  • Commencement is by government notification.

  • Allows staggered enforcement of provisions.

Explanation of Companies Act Section 1

Section 1 defines the Act's name, territorial reach, and commencement method.

  • The Act is officially called the Companies Act, 2013.

  • Extends to all Indian states and union territories.

  • Commencement date is notified by the Central Government.

  • Applies to all companies incorporated or operating in India.

  • Enables phased or full implementation based on government notification.

Purpose and Rationale of Companies Act Section 1

This section establishes the legal identity and scope of the Companies Act, 2013. It ensures clarity on where and when the Act applies, supporting consistent corporate governance across India.

  • Defines the Act’s official name for legal reference.

  • Ensures uniform application throughout India.

  • Allows government flexibility in commencement.

  • Supports orderly transition from previous laws.

When Companies Act Section 1 Applies

Section 1 applies from the date notified by the Central Government and governs all companies within India.

  • Applies nationwide across all states and union territories.

  • Effective from government-specified commencement date.

  • Relevant for all companies incorporated or operating in India.

  • No exemptions; universal territorial extent.

Legal Effect of Companies Act Section 1

This section creates the legal foundation for the Companies Act, 2013. It does not impose duties or restrictions but authorizes the Act’s enforcement from a notified date. Non-compliance with commencement notifications can cause confusion but does not itself attract penalties.

The section interacts with government notifications to phase the Act’s provisions, ensuring legal clarity and orderly adoption.

  • Establishes the Act’s legal identity and scope.

  • Enables phased commencement via government notification.

  • No direct penalties for non-compliance with this section.

Nature of Compliance or Obligation under Companies Act Section 1

Compliance under Section 1 is automatic and foundational. It imposes no direct obligations but sets the stage for all subsequent compliance under the Act. Companies and professionals must track commencement notifications to know when provisions apply.

  • Mandatory awareness of commencement dates.

  • Ongoing obligation to comply once Act is in force.

  • Responsibility on companies and professionals to monitor notifications.

Stage of Corporate Action Where Section Applies

Section 1 applies at the very beginning of the Companies Act’s lifecycle, before any corporate actions under the Act can take place.

  • Before incorporation of companies under the Act.

  • Prior to board or shareholder decisions under the Act.

  • Before filings and disclosures as per the Act.

  • Sets the legal framework for ongoing compliance.

Penalties and Consequences under Companies Act Section 1

Section 1 itself does not prescribe penalties or consequences. However, failure to recognize commencement dates may lead to inadvertent non-compliance with other sections, which can attract penalties.

  • No direct monetary or criminal penalties.

  • Indirect consequences if companies act before commencement.

  • Importance of monitoring government notifications emphasized.

Example of Companies Act Section 1 in Practical Use

Company X planned to incorporate under the Companies Act, 2013. Before the government notified the commencement date, Company X filed documents under the old Companies Act, 1956. Once the notification was issued, Company X complied with the new Act’s provisions, ensuring legal validity of its incorporation and operations.

  • Highlights importance of commencement notification.

  • Shows transition from old to new law compliance.

Historical Background of Companies Act Section 1

Section 1 replaced the corresponding provision in the Companies Act, 1956. It was introduced to formally establish the new Act’s identity, territorial scope, and commencement mechanism, reflecting modern legislative practices.

  • Replaced Companies Act, 1956 short title and commencement clause.

  • Introduced flexibility for phased commencement.

  • Aligned with constitutional and administrative changes.

Modern Relevance of Companies Act Section 1

In 2026, Section 1 remains relevant as companies rely on government notifications for compliance timelines. Digital filings and MCA portal updates depend on the Act’s commencement status. It supports governance reforms and ensures clarity in corporate law application.

  • Essential for digital compliance and e-governance.

  • Supports phased implementation of complex provisions.

  • Ensures clarity for companies and regulators.

Related Sections

  • Companies Act Section 2 – Definitions relevant to corporate entities.

  • Companies Act Section 3 – Incorporation of a company.

  • Companies Act Section 4 – Memorandum of association.

  • Companies Act Section 5 – Articles of association.

  • Companies Act Section 7 – Incorporation documents and verification.

  • Companies Act Section 8 – Formation of companies with charitable objects.

Case References under Companies Act Section 1

No landmark case directly interprets this section as of 2026.

Key Facts Summary for Companies Act Section 1

  • Section:

    1

  • Title:

    Short Title, Commencement, Extent

  • Category:

    Governance, Compliance

  • Applies To:

    All companies in India

  • Compliance Nature:

    Foundational, automatic

  • Penalties:

    None directly

  • Related Filings:

    Government notifications for commencement

Conclusion on Companies Act Section 1

Companies Act 2013 Section 1 is the gateway to the entire Act. It formally names the legislation, defines its territorial reach, and empowers the government to notify the commencement date. This ensures clarity and legal certainty for all companies operating in India.

While it does not impose direct obligations or penalties, Section 1 is essential for understanding when and where the Act applies. Companies and professionals must monitor government notifications to ensure timely compliance with the Act’s provisions, supporting sound corporate governance and lawful operations.

FAQs on Companies Act Section 1

What is the short title of the Companies Act, 2013?

The short title is "Companies Act, 2013," as specified in Section 1(1). This is the official name used for all legal and administrative references.

When does the Companies Act, 2013 come into force?

The Act comes into force on a date notified by the Central Government in the Official Gazette, as per Section 1(3). This allows phased implementation.

Does the Companies Act, 2013 apply throughout India?

Yes, Section 1(2) states that the Act extends to the whole of India, covering all states and union territories.

Can the government notify different commencement dates for different provisions?

Yes, the government may notify different dates for various sections or provisions to come into force, enabling phased enforcement.

Are there penalties for not following Section 1?

No direct penalties exist for Section 1 itself, but failing to comply with commencement notifications can lead to non-compliance with other provisions, which may attract penalties.

Related Sections

Companies Act 2013 Section 91 mandates annual return filing by companies to ensure transparency and compliance.

IPC Section 236 penalizes the unlawful sale of minors for purposes of prostitution or illicit intercourse.

CrPC Section 398 details the procedure for issuing a warrant of arrest when a person fails to appear before the court as required.

IPC Section 53 outlines the punishment for offences, detailing imprisonment terms, fines, or both as prescribed by law.

CPC Section 105 empowers courts to order discovery and inspection of documents in civil suits to ensure fair trial.

CrPC Section 364 defines the offence of kidnapping or abducting in order to murder, detailing its legal consequences.

CrPC Section 393 defines the offence of dacoity and its legal consequences under Indian criminal law.

CrPC Section 8 defines the territorial jurisdiction of criminal courts in India, specifying where offences can be tried.

Evidence Act 1872 Section 82 covers the admissibility of confessions caused by inducement, threat, or promise, protecting against involuntary statements.

IPC Section 202 penalizes intentional delay or prevention of lawful apprehension or trial of a person accused of an offence.

Companies Act 2013 Section 123 governs the declaration and payment of dividends by companies in India.

IPC Section 207 covers the offence of disclosing the identity of a person accused of an offence to protect privacy and ensure fair trial.

CrPC Section 105A details the procedure for police to record information about missing persons and initiate inquiries.

Evidence Act 1872 Section 85C covers the presumption of electronic records' authenticity, crucial for digital evidence admissibility in courts.

CrPC Section 105L details the procedure for attachment and sale of property to recover fines imposed by courts.

CrPC Section 41 explains police powers to arrest without warrant under lawful conditions, protecting citizens from arbitrary arrests.

IPC Section 190 defines the procedure for courts to take cognizance of offences, outlining when legal action can commence.

Contract Act 1872 Section 15 defines free consent and its role in valid contract formation.

Companies Act 2013 Section 65 governs the registration of charges created by companies on their assets.

Consumer Protection Act 2019 Section 22 outlines the jurisdiction of the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission.

Consumer Protection Act 2019 Section 2(44) defines unfair contract terms to protect consumers from exploitative agreements.

IPC Section 421 addresses dishonestly receiving property stolen or dishonestly obtained, outlining punishment and legal scope.

Evidence Act 1872 Section 14 defines the relevancy of facts which are the occasion, cause, or effect of facts in issue, crucial for establishing connections in evidence.

IPC Section 45 defines the term 'Court of Justice' for legal clarity in criminal proceedings.

Companies Act 2013 Section 170 mandates disclosure of interest by directors to ensure transparency and prevent conflicts in corporate governance.

CrPC Section 49 details the procedure for arresting a person without a warrant and the necessity of informing them of the grounds of arrest.

IPC Section 439 governs the special powers of High Courts and Sessions Courts to grant bail in serious offences.

bottom of page