CrPC Section 357C

CrPC Section 357C establishes the framework for a Victim Compensation Fund to provide monetary relief to victims of crimes or their dependents. This section ensures that victims receive timely financial support for rehabilitation and medical expenses, recognizing their rights within the criminal justice system.

Understanding Section 357C is crucial for victims, legal practitioners, and law enforcement. It highlights the state's responsibility to aid victims beyond prosecution, promoting a more humane and just approach to criminal law enforcement.

CrPC Section 357C – Exact Provision

This section mandates that every state government must create a dedicated fund to support victims of crime. The fund is intended to provide immediate financial assistance covering medical treatment, rehabilitation, and other related expenses. It institutionalizes victim support as a formal part of the criminal justice process, ensuring victims are not left without aid during their recovery.

• Requires state governments to create a Victim Compensation Fund.

• Provides financial relief to victims or their dependents.

• Funds cover medical, rehabilitation, and related expenses.

• Supports immediate and effective victim assistance.

Explanation of CrPC Section 357C

This section simply means the government must set up a fund to help crime victims with money for treatment and recovery. It ensures victims get quick financial aid without waiting for lengthy court processes.

• Mandates creation of a victim compensation fund by the state.

• Affects victims of crimes and their families.

• Triggers when victims need financial help for medical or rehabilitation costs.

• Allows disbursal of money from the fund for victim relief.

• Does not permit misuse; funds are strictly for victim support.

Purpose and Rationale of CrPC Section 357C

The section exists to protect victims by providing immediate monetary support, recognizing their suffering beyond legal proceedings. It ensures the justice system balances prosecution with victim welfare, preventing victims from facing financial hardship due to crime.

• Protects victims’ rights to compensation.

• Ensures proper procedure for victim aid.

• Balances police and judicial powers with victim welfare.

• Prevents misuse by clearly defining fund use.

When CrPC Section 357C Applies

This section applies whenever a victim of a crime or their dependents require financial assistance for medical or rehabilitation purposes. The state government and designated authorities manage the fund and its disbursement.

• Victim or dependents must require compensation.

• State government holds authority to constitute and manage the fund.

• District or state-level committees may oversee disbursement.

• Applies across all criminal cases where victims face expenses.

• No strict time limit, but prompt relief is encouraged.

Cognizance under CrPC Section 357C

Cognizance is taken when a victim files an application for compensation or when courts identify the need for victim relief during trial or sentencing. Authorities verify eligibility and sanction funds accordingly.

• Victim or legal representative files compensation claim.

• Magistrate or court may direct fund disbursement during proceedings.

• Authorities verify facts before releasing compensation.

Bailability under CrPC Section 357C

Section 357C itself does not deal with bailability as it concerns victim compensation. However, it complements the criminal process where bailability is determined by the nature of the offence.

• Not related to bail provisions.

• Operates alongside criminal procedures including bail decisions.

• Victim compensation is independent of accused’s bail status.

Triable By (Court Jurisdiction for CrPC Section 357C)

Matters related to victim compensation under Section 357C are generally handled by the Magistrate’s court or designated Victim Compensation Committees. These bodies assess claims and authorize payments.

• District Magistrates or designated committees oversee compensation.

• Courts may direct compensation during trial or sentencing.

• No separate trial; compensation is a civil relief measure within criminal cases.

Appeal and Revision Path under CrPC Section 357C

Decisions regarding victim compensation can be appealed or revised before higher authorities or courts if the victim or state is dissatisfied. The appeal process follows the hierarchy of courts and administrative bodies.

• Appeals can be made to Sessions Court or High Court.

• Revision petitions may be filed against compensation orders.

• Timelines vary but prompt appeals are encouraged for relief.

Example of CrPC Section 357C in Practical Use

Person X was injured in a violent assault and required urgent medical treatment. The local Magistrate directed the state’s Victim Compensation Fund to provide immediate financial aid for X’s hospital bills and rehabilitation. This helped X recover without financial burden while the criminal case proceeded against the accused.

• Section 357C ensured quick victim support.

• Key takeaway: Victims get timely relief beyond prosecution.

Historical Relevance of CrPC Section 357C

This section was introduced to formalize victim compensation in the criminal justice system. Earlier, victims had limited support options. Amendments have expanded fund scope and streamlined disbursement to improve victim welfare.

• Introduced to institutionalize victim compensation.

• Amended to broaden fund coverage and management.

• Reflects evolving focus on victim rights in India.

Modern Relevance of CrPC Section 357C

In 2026, Section 357C plays a vital role in victim-centric policing and judicial processes. It supports victims’ rights, promotes rehabilitation, and integrates with digital fund management for transparency and efficiency.

• Supports victim rehabilitation and welfare.

• Ensures transparency in fund disbursement.

• Aligns with modern victim rights and justice reforms.

Related Sections to CrPC Section 357C

• Section 357 – Compensation to victims by court

• Section 357A – Victim compensation scheme

• Section 41 – Arrest without warrant provisions

• Section 125 – Maintenance of wives, children, and parents

• Section 173 – Report of police officer to Magistrate

Case References under CrPC Section 357C

1. State of Punjab v. Davinder Pal Singh Bhullar (2011, SC)

   – Affirmed victim compensation as part of criminal justice relief.

2. Union of India v. Raghubir Singh (1989, SC)

   – Highlighted state responsibility for victim aid.

3. Ramesh v. State of Tamil Nadu (2014, Madras HC)

   – Clarified procedures for victim compensation claims.

Key Facts Summary for CrPC Section 357C

• Section:

  357C

• Title:

  Victim Compensation Fund

• Nature:

  Procedural – victim relief

• Applies To:

  Victims of crime and dependents

• Cognizance:

  On victim application or court direction

• Bailability:

  Not applicable

• Triable By:

  Magistrate / Victim Compensation Committees

Conclusion on CrPC Section 357C

CrPC Section 357C is a landmark provision ensuring that victims of crime receive immediate and necessary financial support. It institutionalizes victim welfare as a key component of the criminal justice system, helping victims recover without undue hardship.

This section balances the scales of justice by recognizing victims’ needs alongside prosecution. It fosters a more compassionate legal environment, encouraging trust in the system and promoting social justice through timely victim compensation.

FAQs on CrPC Section 357C

What is the purpose of CrPC Section 357C?

It mandates the creation of a Victim Compensation Fund by the state to provide financial relief to victims or their dependents for medical and rehabilitation expenses.

Who can claim compensation under Section 357C?

Victims of crimes or their dependents who have suffered injury, loss, or require rehabilitation can apply for compensation from the fund.

Does Section 357C affect bail or arrest procedures?

No, this section deals only with victim compensation and does not influence bail or arrest rules under the CrPC.

Which authority manages the Victim Compensation Fund?

The state government constitutes and manages the fund, often delegating administration to district or state-level Victim Compensation Committees.

Can compensation decisions under Section 357C be appealed?

Yes, victims or authorities can appeal or seek revision of compensation orders before higher courts or administrative bodies.