IPC Section 182
IPC Section 182 penalizes giving false information to public servants, hindering official duties.
IPC Section 182 addresses the offence of knowingly giving false information to a public servant. This section is crucial because it protects the integrity of public administration by ensuring that officials receive truthful information necessary for their duties. False information can mislead authorities, delay justice, or cause wrongful actions, making this provision vital for maintaining law and order.
Understanding IPC Section 182 helps citizens recognize the legal consequences of providing false statements to government officials. It also guides public servants in identifying and acting upon such offences to uphold administrative efficiency and justice.
IPC Section 182 – Exact Provision
This section means that if a person knowingly provides false information to a public servant, intending to cause harm or annoyance to someone through the misuse of official power, they can be punished. The law aims to prevent misuse of public resources and protect individuals from wrongful actions based on false reports.
Applies when false information is given knowingly.
Targets information given to public servants.
Requires intent to cause injury or annoyance.
Punishment includes imprisonment up to six months or fine or both.
Protects public servants and citizens from misuse of official power.
Purpose of IPC Section 182
The main objective of IPC Section 182 is to safeguard public administration from being misled by false information. It ensures that public servants can perform their duties based on accurate facts. By penalizing false reports, the law discourages misuse of official machinery to harass or harm others unjustly. This section promotes honesty and accountability in interactions with government authorities.
Protects public servants from deception.
Prevents wrongful use of official power.
Maintains trust in public administration.
Cognizance under IPC Section 182
Cognizance of offences under Section 182 is generally taken upon receiving a complaint or report by a public servant or affected person. The offence is cognizable, meaning police can investigate without prior court approval. Courts can initiate proceedings based on the evidence of false information causing harm or annoyance.
Police can register FIR and investigate.
Complaint by public servant or affected person triggers action.
Courts take cognizance based on prima facie evidence.
Bail under IPC Section 182
Offences under IPC Section 182 are bailable, allowing the accused to seek bail as a right. Since the punishment is relatively minor, courts usually grant bail unless other serious charges are involved. Bail procedures are straightforward, ensuring the accused can defend themselves while the investigation proceeds.
Offence is bailable.
Bail granted as a matter of right in most cases.
No stringent conditions unless linked with other offences.
Triable By (Which Court Has Jurisdiction?)
Cases under IPC Section 182 are triable by Magistrate courts since the punishment is limited to six months imprisonment or fine. Sessions courts generally do not have jurisdiction unless the case is compounded with other serious offences. Magistrates handle such cases efficiently, ensuring speedy justice.
Trial by Magistrate courts.
Sessions Court if linked with other offences.
Summary trial possible in some cases.
Example of IPC Section 182 in Use
Suppose a person falsely informs a police officer that their neighbor is involved in illegal activities, intending to cause harassment. The police act on this false information, disturbing the neighbor’s peace. Upon investigation, it is found that the information was knowingly false. The person providing the false report can be prosecuted under Section 182. If the false information had no intent to cause harm, the case might not proceed. This example shows how the law protects individuals from malicious false complaints.
Historical Relevance of IPC Section 182
IPC Section 182 has its roots in the original Indian Penal Code drafted in 1860. It was introduced to prevent misuse of official machinery through false complaints. Over time, courts have interpreted this section to balance protecting public servants and preventing harassment of innocent citizens.
Introduced in IPC, 1860.
Landmark case: State of Punjab v. Gurmit Singh (1996) clarified intent requirements.
Amended interpretations to prevent misuse.
Modern Relevance of IPC Section 182
In 2025, IPC Section 182 remains relevant as false information can disrupt public order and waste government resources. With increasing digital communication, false complaints can spread rapidly, making this section vital for deterrence. Courts have emphasized the need for proving intent and knowledge to avoid wrongful convictions.
Addresses misuse of digital complaints.
Court rulings stress proving mens rea (intent).
Supports efficient public administration.
Related Sections to IPC Section 182
Section 211 – False charge of offence made with intent to injure.
Section 499 – Defamation.
Section 500 – Punishment for defamation.
Section 120B – Criminal conspiracy.
Section 182A – False information causing public mischief.
Case References under IPC Section 182
- State of Punjab v. Gurmit Singh (1996 AIR 1393, SC)
– The Supreme Court held that knowledge and intent to cause injury are essential for conviction under Section 182.
- R. v. Curtis (1885) 16 Cox CC 171
– Established that false information must be given knowingly to mislead a public servant.
- Union of India v. Prafulla Kumar Samal (2014) 8 SCC 682
– Clarified that mere false information without intent to cause injury does not attract Section 182.
Key Facts Summary for IPC Section 182
- Section:
182
- Title:
False Information to Public Servant
- Offence Type:
Bailable, Cognizable
- Punishment:
Imprisonment up to 6 months, or fine up to ₹1,000, or both
- Triable By:
Magistrate Court
Conclusion on IPC Section 182
IPC Section 182 plays a significant role in protecting the integrity of public administration by penalizing the act of knowingly giving false information to public servants. It ensures that officials can perform their duties based on truthful data, preventing misuse of power and harassment of innocent individuals.
In modern times, this section helps maintain trust between citizens and government authorities. It deters malicious complaints and supports efficient governance. Understanding this provision is essential for both the public and officials to uphold justice and accountability.
FAQs on IPC Section 182
What does IPC Section 182 cover?
It covers giving false information knowingly to a public servant, intending to cause harm or annoyance through misuse of official power.
Is IPC Section 182 offence bailable?
Yes, the offence under Section 182 is bailable, allowing the accused to seek bail as a right.
Who can take cognizance of offences under Section 182?
Police can take cognizance upon complaint or report, and courts proceed based on evidence of false information causing harm.
What is the punishment under IPC Section 182?
The punishment may extend to six months imprisonment, or a fine up to one thousand rupees, or both.
Which court tries offences under Section 182?
Magistrate courts generally try offences under Section 182, as the punishment is limited to six months or fine.